2012/01/06

Lausannois




Lausanne

Lausanne
Lausanne - Lausanne Cathedral and old town
Lausanne Cathedral and old town
Country Switzerland Coat of Arms of Lausanne
Canton Vaud
District Lausanne
46°31.19′N 6°38.01′E / 46.51983°N 6.6335°ECoordinates: 46°31.19′N 6°38.01′E / 46.51983°N 6.6335°E
Population 127,821 (Dec 2010)
- Density 3,090 /km (8,002 /sq mi)
Area 41.38 km (15.98 sq mi)
Elevation 495 m (1,624 ft)
- Highest 929.4 m - Jorat
- Lowest 372 m - Lake Geneva
Postal code 1000-1018
SFOS number 5586
Mayor (list) Daniel Brélaz (as of 2008) GPS
Demonym Les Lausannois
Localities Le , , , Ouchy, Vernand-Dessous, Vernand-Dessus,
Surrounded by Bottens, Bretigny-sur-Morrens, Chavannes-près-Renens, Cheseaux-sur-Lausanne, Crissier, Cugy, Ecublens, Epalinges, Évian-les-Bains (FR-74), Froideville, Jouxtens-Mézery, Le Mont-sur-Lausanne, Lugrin (FR-74), Maxilly-sur-Léman (FR-74), Montpreveyres, Morrens, Neuvecelle (FR-74), Prilly, Pully, Renens, Romanel-sur-Lausanne, Saint-Sulpice, Savigny
Website www.lausanne.ch
Profile, SFSO statistics
Lausanne is located in Switzerland
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Lausanne

Lausanne (French pronunciation: ) is a city in Romandy, the French-speaking part of Switzerland, and is the capital of the canton of Vaud. The seat of the district of Lausanne, the city is situated on the shores of Lake Geneva (French: Lac Léman). It faces the French town of Évian-les-Bains, with the Jura mountains to its north-west. Lausanne is located 62 km (39 mi) northeast of Geneva.

Lausanne has a population (as of December 2010) of 127,821, making it the fourth largest city of the country, with the entire agglomeration area having over 330,000 inhabitants. The Metropolitan Area of Lausanne-Geneva is over 1.2 million inhabitants. The headquarters of the International Olympic Committee are located in Lausanne – the IOC officially recognises the city as the Capitale Olympique – as are the headquarters of the Court of Arbitration for Sport. It lies in the middle of a wine region. The city has a 28-station metro system, making it the smallest city in the world to have a rapid transit system.

History

The Romans built a military camp, which they called Lousanna, at the site of a Celtic settlement, near the lake where currently and Ouchy are situated; on the hill above was a fort called 'Lausodunon' or 'Lousodunon' (The 'y' suffix is common to many place names of Roman origin in the region (e.g.) Prilly, Pully, Lutry, etc.). By the 2nd century AD it was known as vikanor[um] Lousonnensium and in 280 as lacu Lausonio. By 400 it was civitas Lausanna and in 990 it was mentioned as Losanna.

Modern history

In 1964 the city hosted the 'Swiss National Exhibition', displaying its newly found confidence to host major international events. From the 1950s to 1970s a large number of Italians, Spaniards and Portuguese immigrated, settling mostly in the industrial district of Renens and transforming the local diet.

The city has been traditionally quiet but in the late 1960s and early 1970s there were a series of mainly youth demonstrations confronted by the police. The next vigorous demonstrations took place to protest against the high cinema prices and since then the city returned to its old very sleepy self, until the protest against the G8 meetings in 2003.

Geography

Coat of arms

The blazon of the municipal coat of arms is Gules, chief argent.

Demographics

Transport

Historic Population

The historical population is given in the following chart:

Political situation

In the 2011 federal election the most popular party was the SP which received 30.14% of the vote (3 % up compard to 2007). The next three most popular parties were the SVP (14.98%), the FDP (14.70%) and the Green Party (13.60%). In the federal election, a total of 25,518 votes were cast, and the voter turnout was 40.3%.

The city of Lausanne has a legislature, the City Council, with 100 members and an executive, the town hall with seven members. The legislature is elected by proportional representation from the Executive and the two-round majority system.

For the 2011-2016 legislative period, 100 members of the City Council Composition of the Municipal Council are distributed as follows:

Economy

As of 2010, Lausanne had an unemployment rate of 8%. As of 2008, there were 114 people employed in the primary economic sector and about 25 businesses involved in this sector. 6,348 people were employed in the secondary sector and there were 698 businesses in this sector. 83,157 people were employed in the tertiary sector, with 6,501 businesses in this sector.

There were 59,599 residents of the municipality who were employed in some capacity, of which females made up 47.4% of the workforce. In 2008 the total number of full-time equivalent jobs was 75,041. The number of jobs in the primary sector was 93, of which 56 were in agriculture, 34 were in forestry or lumber production and 3 were in fishing or fisheries. The number of jobs in the secondary sector was 6,057 of which 1,515 or (25.0%) were in manufacturing, 24 or (0.4%) were in mining and 3,721 (61.4%) were in construction. The number of jobs in the tertiary sector was 68,891. In the tertiary sector; 8,520 or 12.4% were in the sale or repair of motor vehicles, 2,955 or 4.3% were in the movement and storage of goods, 4,345 or 6.3% were in a hotel or restaurant, 4,671 or 6.8% were in the information industry, 6,729 or 9.8% were the insurance or financial industry, 8,213 or 11.9% were technical professionals or scientists, 5,756 or 8.4% were in education and 14,312 or 20.8% were in health care.

In 2000, there were 55,789 workers who commuted into the municipality and 19,082 workers who commuted away. The municipality is a net importer of workers, with about 2.9 workers entering the municipality for every one leaving. About 1.9% of the workforce coming into Lausanne are coming from outside Switzerland, while 0.1% of the locals commute out of Switzerland for work. Of the working population, 40.9% used public transportation to get to work, and 35.1% used a private car.

Religion

From the 2000 census, 47,225 or 37.8% were Roman Catholic, while 33,993 or 27.2% belonged to the Swiss Reformed Church. Of the rest of the population, there were 2,698 members of an Orthodox church (or about 2.16% of the population), there were 65 individuals (or about 0.05% of the population) who belonged to the Christian Catholic Church, and there were 4,437 individuals (or about 3.55% of the population) who belonged to another Christian church. There were 849 individuals (or about 0.68% of the population) who were Jewish, and 7,501 (or about 6.00% of the population) who were Islamic. There were 452 individuals who were Buddhist, 772 individuals who were Hindu and 343 individuals who belonged to another church. 21,080 (or about 16.88% of the population) belonged to no church, are agnostic or atheist, and 7,590 individuals (or about 6.08% of the population) did not answer the question.

Weather

Lausanne has an average of 123 days of rain or snow per year and on average receives 1,150 mm (45 in) of precipitation. The wettest month is June during which time Lausanne receives an average of 117 mm (4.6 in) of rain. During this month there is precipitation for an average of 10.8 days. The month with the most days of precipitation is May, with an average of 12.4, but with only 107 mm (4.2 in) of rain or snow. The driest month of the year is February with an average of 78 mm (3.1 in) of precipitation over 10.2 days.

Education

Sights

Heritage sites of national significance

There are 46 buildings or sites that are listed as Swiss heritage site of national significance. Additionally, the entire old city of Lausanne and the Vernand-Dessus region are listed in the Inventory of Swiss Heritage Sites.

Culture

Monuments

Museums

Lausanne is also the site of many museums:

Art galleries

Main contemporary art galleries:

Music

Sports

Notable people

See also

References

External links

Coat of Arms of the Canton of Vaud

Retrieved from : http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Lausanne&oldid=464407595

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