Ali of Karaman (also known as Bengi Ali) was the ruler (Turkish: Turkish: bey) of Karmanids in what is now modern Turkey in the 15th century .
Karamanids
Karamanid (also called Karamanoğlu) was a Turkmen state in central Anatolia (Asiatic part of modern Turkey) after the disintegration of Seljuks of Turkey. The capital of Karamanid state was usually Karaman (ancient Larende, renamed by the Karamanids) and sometimes Konya and other cities as well. It was the main rival of the rising Ottoman Empire.
Background
Ali was the younger brother of Mehmet II of Karaman. In 1398, Beyazıt I of the Ottoman Empire conquered the Karamanid state and jailed Mehmet and Ali. But in 1402, Beyazıt himself was defeated by Timur in the battle of Ankara and the two brothers were set free with a permission from Timur to reign on former Karamanid territory. Timur also gave them a few forts in addition to their former possessions. While Mehmet acquired most of Karamanid territory, Ali had to content with Niğde, a city at the east of Karamanid territory. Although Ali was a vassal of his brother, soon he began acting independently. But he was no match for his brother and in 1415 he escaped to Mamluk Sultanate in Egypt.
First reign
In 1420 Mehmet tried to capture the city of Kayseri from the Beylik of Dulkadir, which was a vassal of Mamluk Sultanate. Mamluks intervened and Mehmet was defeated. Mamluks arrested Mehmet and supported Ali to gain the possessions of his brother. Ali began reigning on the Karamanid territory with the exception of Konya, the most important city of Karamanids. However Ali's reign was short. Because in 1421 Mehmet was released by the new Mamluk sultan . Mehmet returned to Anatolia and conquered his former possessions. Ali returned to Niğde.
Second reign
In 1423 Mehmet died during the siege of Antalya. This gave Ali a second chance to reign. The second reign was also short. Mehmet's son İbrahim who was supported by the Ottomans defeated his uncle in 1424. However İbrahim chose to make piece with his uncle by giving him extra possession as iqta in addition to Niğde.
References
- Prof. Yaşar Yüce-Prof. Ali Sevim: Türkiye tarihi Cilt I, AKDTYKTTK Yayınları, İstanbul, 1991 pp 251-252
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http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bengi_Ali_of_Karaman
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