Expedition of Zaid ibn Haritha (Hisma)

Expedition of Zaid ibn Haritha (Hisma)

Expedition of Zaid ibn Haritha (Hisma)
Date October 628AD in 6th month, 7AH Location Result Successful raid, 1000 camels, 5000 cattle and a 100 tribe members captured Al-Hunayd ibn Arid(enemy commander) and his son killed
Commanders and leaders
Strength
500	Unknown
Casualties and losses
Unknown	Many killed, including chief 100 captured

Expeditions of Muhammad
Ghazwah (expeditions where he took part)
Caravan Raids – Waddan – Buwat – Safwan – Dul Ashir – Badr – Kudr – Sawiq – Banu Qaynuqa – Ghatafan – Bahran – Uhud – Al-Asad – Banu Nadir – Invasion of Nejd – Invasion of Badr – 1st Jandal – Trench – Banu Qurayza – 2nd Banu Lahyan – Banu Mustaliq – Hudaybiyyah – Khaybar – Conquest of Fidak – 3rd Qura – Dhat al-Riqa – Mu'tah – Banu Baqra – Mecca – Hunayn – Autas – Ta'if – Tabouk
Sariyyah (expeditions which he ordered) Nakhla – Nejd – 1st Banu Asad – 1st Banu Lahyan – Al Raji – Bir Maona – Assassination of Abu Rafi – Maslamah – 2nd Banu Asad – 1st Banu Thalabah – 2nd Banu Thalabah – Dhu Qarad – Jumum – Al-Is – 3rd Banu Thalabah – 1st Qura – 2nd Jandal – Fidak – 2nd Qura – Uraynah – Hisma – Umar – Abu Bakr – Banu Murrah – Banu Uwal – Yemen – 3rd Fadak – Banu Sulaym – Kadid – Banu Amir –

Expedition of Zaid ibn Haritha in Hisma took place in October, 628AD, 6th month of 7AH of the Islamic Calender. The attack was a response to Dhiyah bin Khalifah al-Kalbi's call for help, after being attacked by robbers. Muslims reatliated and killed many of the robbers and captured 100 tribe members

Background

After the signing the Hudaibiya treaty with the Quraysh in Mecca, Muhammad sent several envoys in a few neighboring countries, inviting them to Islam. He sent Dhiyah bin Khalifah al-Kalbi, to the king of Basra, who would in turn, send it to Caesar (Heraclius).

In his epistle to Heraclius, the Byzantine emperor, Muhammad wrote:

When, after finishing his trip , Dhiya was returning to Medina ; a group of bandit belonging to Banu Judham looted him of everything he has, when he reached Hisma, a place on the way to Syria and west of Tabuk.

Muslim response

Dihya approached the Banu Dubayb (a tribe which converted to Islam and had good relations with Muslims) for help. When the news reached Muhammad, he immediately dispatched Zayd ibn Haritha with 500 men to punish them. The Muslim army fought with Banu Judham, killed several of them (inflicting heavy casulaties), including their chief, Al-Hunayd ibn Arid and his son, and captured 1000 camels, 5000 of their cattle and a 100 women and boys. The chief of the Banu Judham who had embraced Islam appealed to Muhammad to release his fellow tribesmean, and Muhammad released them.

Islamic primary sources

The event is mentioned by the Muslim jurist Tabari, as follows:

“

When Rifa`ahb. Zayd came [to his people] with the Messenger of God's letter inviting them to Islam, they responded. Soon [the following inci-dent happened]. When Dihyah b. Khalifah al-Kalbi, who was re-turning from Caesar, the Byzantine king, [to whom he] was sent by the Messenger of God with some of his merchandise,reached a valley called Shanar, al-Hunayd b. `Us and his son`Us b. al-Hunayd al-Dulay`i, a clan of Judham, attacked him andseized everything that he had. This news reached some people of the Banu Dubayb, the kinsfolk of Rifa`ah who had embraced Is-lam. They responded and went after al-Hunayd and his son; al-Nu`man b. Abi Ji`al of the Banu Dubayb was among them. Whenthey encountered them, a skirmish followed. On that day, Qurrahb. Ashqar al-Difari, who traced his ancestry from the clan of al-Dulay', said, "I am the son of Lubna." He shot al-Nu`man b. AbiJi`al with an arrow, hitting him in his knee, saying, "Take it, I amthe son of Lubna." He had a mother who was called Lubnh.Hassan b. Mallah al-Dubaybi had been a friend of Dihyah b.Khahfah al-Kalbi before that [incident] and had taught him theUmm al-Kitab[i.e., the first chapter of the Qur'an]. They rescuedwhat was in the hands of al-Hunayd and his son `Us and restoredit to Dihyah. Then Dihyah left and came to the Messenger of God, informed him what had happened, and sought that he beallowed to kill al-Hunayd and his son.The Messenger of God sent Zayd b. Harithah with a force against them, which was what provoked the raid of Zayd on Ju-dham. All of Ghatafan of Judham, Wa'il, those of Salaman, and Sa`d b. Hudhaym had set out when Rifa`ah b. Zayd came withthe Messenger of God's letter and camped in al-Harrah (the vol-canic tract) of al-Rajla', while Rifa`ah b. Zayd was in Kura` Rab-bah with some people of the Banu al-Dubayb, not knowing[what had happened]. At the same time, the rest of the Banu al-Dubayb were in a valley [of Madan] in the region of the vol-canic tract where it stretches to the east.Zayd b. Harithah's army approached from the direction of al-Awlaj and raided al-Fadafid from the direction of the volcanic tract. They rounded up the cattle and men they found, and killed al-Hunayd and his son and two men from the Banu al-Ahnaf and one from the Banu Khasib. The last years of the Prophet By al-Tabari, pg 100

”

See also

Notes

1. “ Zaid bin Haritha at the head of five hundred men was despatched to that spot”, Witness-Pioneer.com
2. The Sealed Nectar, by Saifur Rahman al Mubarakpuri, pg 205
3. Atlas of the Quran, Shawqī Abū Khalīl, Pg 242
4. List of Battles of Muhammad
5. “ Zaid bin Haritha at the head of five hundred men was despatched to that spot”, Witness-Pioneer.com
6. The Sealed Nectar, by Saifur Rahman al Mubarakpuri, pg 205
7. “ Zaid bin Haritha at the head of five hundred men was despatched to that spot”, Witness-Pioneer.com
8. The Sealed Nectar, by Saifur Rahman al Mubarakpuri, pg 205
9. “ Zaid bin Haritha at the head of five hundred men was despatched to that spot”, Witness-Pioneer.com
10. The Sealed Nectar, by Saifur Rahman al Mubarakpuri, pg 205
11. The Last years of the Prophet By al-Tabari, pg 100

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